Hot water has been around since man first harnessed the power of fire, but when at elevated temperatures, it is dangerous and even deadly.

Many of my professional engineer peers have limited knowledge of the fine points of chilled water pipe insulation.

After more than 20 years of work in the Legionella field, leading outbreak investigations and resolutions as well as performing building audits, I’ve found the two single most critical variables for controlling Legionella risk are temperature and water age (time-to-tap).

To enhance the safety of its students as they walk across the longest pedestrian bridge in the state during the winter, Utah Valley University (UVU) took advantage of the technology and the many benefits that a hydronic snowmelt system would deliver.